Part D

Directions:

Read the following text from which 10 words have been removed. Choose from the words A -O the most suitable one to fill each numbered gap in the text (46 -55). There are FIVE extra words that you do not need to use. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.

Do you give your children money when they perform well at school?

According to a study, such an action could be 46 to their development, and cause them to be more materialistic as adults. The study suggests that those who were rewarded and spoiled as children were more likely to think possessions define who they are. "Using material possessions to express love or reward children for their 47 can have bad effect," wrote the authors of the study. "It can 48 materialism in them. "

The authors surveyed 701 adults to measure the long-term 49 of material parenting. They were asked to describe their current life situation and values, and also reported on a 50 of childhood circumstances, their relationship with their parents, and the rewards and punishments they received.

Results showed adults who had received more material rewards and punishments as children were more likely than others to use possessions to define and express who they are. And they were likely to continue rewarding themselves with material 51

Parents should, therefore, be cautious about using material possessions to express their love and reward their children for good behavior,52 the authors. They say 53 emphasis on material possessions during childhood can have significant effects. It can 54 "the way for their children to grow up to be more likely than others to 55 people with expensive possessions and judge success by the kinds of things people own," the authors conclude.

A．achievements

B．admire

C．blame

D．careful

E．develop

F．excessive

G．goods

H．harmful

I．impact

J．level

K．motivate

L．pave

M．responsibilities

N．variety

O．warn
 

Part D

参考译文

当你的孩子在学校表现好的时候你会给他钱吗?

根据一项研究，这种行为可能会(46)不利于他们的成长，并会使他们像成人一样崇尚物质主义。研究表明那些被奖励和宠坏的孩子更可能用物质定义自己。研究的作者写道："用物质来表达爱或者奖励孩子的(47)好成绩，会产生不好的影响。这会使他们(48)产生物质主义思想。”

作者调查了701名成年人，研究父母物质奖励的长期(49)影响。他们被要求描述自己目前的生活状态和价值观，并描述(50)各种童年环境，他们与父母的关系和他们所受到的奖励和惩罚。

研究结果表明在童年受到物质奖励和惩罚的成年人更倾向于用物质定义和表达他们自己，并很可能继续用(51)物质来奖励自己。

作者(52)告诫父母，要谨慎使用物质来表达对孩子的爱和奖励。他们认为在童年时期(53)过分强调物质会产生重要的影响。作者总结，它会给孩子(54)铺设这样的一条道路："孩子在成长的过程中比别的孩子更倾向于去(55)仰慕那些有贵重财物的人，并通过拥有的东西来判断一个人的成功”。

46．H 【精析】根据上下文判断，这里缺少一个形容词。前文提到用金钱作为对孩子的奖励，这里面应该是实验表明这种做法是不对的，综观所有选项，只有H项harmful"有害的”符合句意，故选H。

47．A 【精析】根据上下文判断，这里缺少一个名词。这里应该是家长对孩子取得好成绩时进行奖励会产生坏影响，综观所有选项，a-chievements"成绩，成就”符合旬意，故选A。

48．E 【精析】根据上下文判断，这里缺少一个动词。这里应该是它会使孩子产生物质主义，综观所有选项，develop"产生，发展”符合句意，故选E。

49．I 【精析】根据上下文判断，这里缺少一个名词。这里应该是作者对701名成年人进行调查，研究父母对孩子长期物质奖励的影响，综观所有选项，impact可作名词，意为"影响”，符合句意，故选I。

50．N 【精析】根据上下文判断，这里缺少一个名词。此名词和前后词组成一个固定搭配，a variety of意为"各种各样的”，符合句意，故选N。

51．G 【精析】根据上下文判断，这里缺少一个名词。这里应该是从小得到物质奖励的孩子长大后也很可能继续用物质来奖励自己，综观所有选项，goods"商品，物品”符合句意，故选G。

52．O 【精析】根据上下文判断，这里缺少一个动词。这里应该是家长应当对这种做法提高警惕，这是作者对家长的警告，综观所有选项，wain"警告”符合句意，故选O。

53．F 【精析】根据上下文判断，这里缺少一个形容词。这里应该是在孩子童年时期过分地强调物质的重要性会对孩子产生很大的影响，综观所有选项，excessive"过分的，过度的”符合句意，故选F。

54．L 【精析】根据上下文判断，这里缺少一个动词，且与后面的the way搭配，此处是为孩子铺设这样的一条道路，综观所有选项，pave"铺设”符合句意，故选L。

55．B 【精析】根据上下文判断，这里缺少一个动词。这里应该是孩子在成长的过程中比别的孩子更容易去仰慕那些有贵重财物的人，综观所有选项，admire"钦佩，仰慕”符合旬意，故选B。